Embryology of the human Eye

The human eye anatomically is considered as an extension of the brain.the central nervous develop from the neural tube.A thickening appears on either sides of the neural tube in its anterior part known as OPTIC PLATE.The optic plate grows as the Foetus(baby) grows towards the surface to form the OPTIC VESICLE.the two eyes develop from these two optic vesicles.the neural ectoderm and mesoderm come together to form the optic vesicles.
As the foetus grows the optic visicles invaginates from in front and below to form the OPTIC CUP. there is a line of invagination that remains open  for sometime known as the embryonic fissure.the hyloid artery enters through the fissure to provide nutrients to the developing structures.later atrophies found dissapears.
The inner layer of the retina(main) is formed by the inner layer of the optic cup whiles the outer layer develops into the pigmented epithelium.the neural ectoderm is responsible for the secretion of the jelly-like fluid called the VITREOUS which fills the cavity.
The ciliary body and Iris are formed by the anterior portion of the optic Cup and mesoderm.the mesoderm around the cup differenciate into the coats of the eye,orbital structures,angle of the anterior chamber and main structure of the cornea.meanwhile, the surface ectoderm invaginates and later separates to form the lens.the surface ectoderm remains to form the corneal and conjunctival epithelium.Finally,the mesoderm in front of the cornea grows in folds,unites and separate to form the LIDS.

#REMEMBER :(the eye at Birth)
1.the orbit is more divergent(50%) as compared to an adult(45%)
2.eyeball is about 70% of Adult length.it is fully developed at the age of 8 years.(emmetropization)
3.the newborn is hypertrophic by +2.5D
4.the cornea is approximately 80% of its adult size,being fully grown at the age of 3 years.
5.anterior chamber is shallow and the angle is narrow.
6.the newborn against the rule astigmatism and gradually shift to with the rule astigmatism as they mature.
7.extra ocular muscle and colour vision functions should be tested before three months.the newborn physiological and psychological development is impaired when childs vision is affected.

⚠️CAUTION :
Get your BABY'S vision examined as early possible.
Remember the eye is the window to your soul.
When a man fails to appreciate seeing beauty of color in nature,color becomes relative for the Blind.

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