WATERING EYE

Tears are secreted by the main and accessory lacrimal glands and pass laterally accross the ocular surface then evacuated through the canaliculus into the lacrimal sac,nasolacrimal duct and finally into the nose through the valve of Hasner.
A variable amount of the tear film is lost through evaporation depending on the ambient temperature,humidity,and the rate of blinks per minute. An inefficiency in any may result in either dry eyes or watering eyes.its worth to know that any abnormal anatomy of the eye or morbidity may also result in watering eyes.

General signs and symptoms
note:signs are cause specific and may include multiple features of the underlining anormaly
  • profuse tearing
  • pain,rednes,swelling and epihora at the medial canthus in cases of dacrocystitis
  • painless swelling in the inner canthus(mucocele)
  •  accumulation of sulphur granules in the canthus
  • incomplete blinks and reduced blinking rate
  • redness of the eye
  • congestion and redness of the eyelid magins
  • swollen eyelids
 
CAUSES OF WATERING EYE 
  • Hyperlacrimation: a reflex hypersecretion of tears on the surface of the eye due to an inflammation,dryness or a diseased state
  • Epihora: this is due to a compromise in the lacrimal drainage  due to either malposition,obstruction or failure of the lacrimal pump system
  • Dry eye: the cornea is the most sensitive part of the body.dryness on the surface or any compromise in the intergrity exposes the sensitive nerve endings triggering a reflex tearing mechanism t(hyperlacrimation)
  • Punctal stenosis: any occlusion in the punctum
  • Dacryocele:a collection of amniotic fluid(in babies) or mucus in the lacrimal sac due to an imperforated valve of Hasner
  • INFECTIOUS CONDITIONS(dacrosystitis,canaliculitis):these conditions are infections usually in the lacrimal sac secondary to any obstruction of the nasolacrimal duct or the canaliculus.
  • Drug induced: systemic cytotoxic drugs such as 5-Fluorouracil and Docetaxil
  • Herpes simplex lid infections
  • Cicatrization of the conjunctiva(scaring).eg:Trachoma
  •  
MANAGEMENT
  • Blink often
  • lacrimal irrigation(washing of the eye)
  •  Eye massage
  • Topical warm compresses and antibiotics (ciprofloxacin,flucloxacillin)
  • surgery(endoscopic DCR,balloon dacrocystoplasty)
  •  laser treatments (one-snip ampullotomy,laser punctoplasty and inertion of canalized plugs)
  • Incision and drainage (in cases of abcess formation)
REMEMBER TO SEE YOUR DOCTOR.
SOME OF THESE INFECTIONS CAN BE LIFE THREATENING WHEN SPREAD THROUGH THE SINUS INTO BLOODSTREAM(SEPSIS) OR INTO THE BRAIN(MENINGITIS)

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