Dr.Joel Kyeremeh's Oculus

CORNEAL ULCER(microbial keratitis) The term keratitis / microbial keratitis are used to describe all suppurative infections of the cornea.They are characterized by the presence of white or yellowish infiltrates in the corneal storma, with or without overlaying corneal epithelial defect and it’s associated  with signs of inflammation. The cornea has certain defensive mechanisms required because of it’s constant exposure to microbes and environmental influences: Reflex eye closing  Flushing effect of tear fluid Epithelium can regenerate quickly and completely .   Any breach in any of these mechanisms may result in certain pathogens succeeding in breaching the corneal defenses through superficial injuries or minor epithelial defects, then the bradytrophic corneal tissue will respond  to the specific pathogen with a characteristic keratitis. PATHOGENESIS OF CORNEAL ULCER Corneal ulcers may be caused by : Viruses Bacteria  Acanthoamoeba Fungi ...

AMBLYOPIA What is Amblyopia? How to Identify the good,the bad and the ugly signs of Amblyopia? Amblyopia is decreased vision in one or both eyes due to abnormal development of vision in infancy or childhood.  In amblyopia, there may not be an obvious problem of the eye. Vision loss occurs because nerve pathways between the brain and the eye aren't properly stimulated. The brain “learns” to see only blurry images with the amblyopic eye even when glasses are used. As a result, the brain favors one eye, usually due to poor stimulation of vision in the other eye. Another word for amblyopia is often “lazy eye.” It is the leading cause of vision loss among children. WHAT CAUSES AMBLYOPIA ? The human brain learns and adapt to visual stimulation with time. Any deprivation in this neural stimulation makes the human brain think it’s normal and hence adapt. The longer the deprivation the more difficult it gets to correct the anomaly. Normal vision develops during the firs...

WATERING EYE Tears are secreted by the main and accessory lacrimal glands and pass laterally accross the ocular surface then evacuated through the canaliculus into the lacrimal sac,nasolacrimal duct and finally into the nose through the valve of Hasner. A variable amount of the tear film is lost through evaporation depending on the ambient temperature,humidity,and the rate of blinks per minute. An inefficiency in any may result in either dry eyes or watering eyes.its worth to know that any abnormal anatomy of the eye or morbidity may also result in watering eyes. General signs and symptoms note: signs are cause specific and may include multiple features of the underlining anormaly profuse tearing pain,rednes,swelling and epihora at the medial canthus in cases of dacrocystitis painless swelling in the inner canthus(mucocele)  accumulation of sulphur granules in the canthus incomplete blinks and reduced blinking rate redness of the eye congestion and redness...

 ALLERGIES AND PHOTOKERATITIS  CHRISTMAS is here again,snow is falling once again,the weather is cold.... As family and friends enjoy the best of summer,others cannot wait for it to pass by.Medically,some people are very reactive to the presence of snow flakes and seasonal changes in the weather patterns.  Photokeratitis is a painful eye condition that occurs when your eye is exposed to invisible rays of energy called ultraviolet (UV) rays, either from the sun or from a man-made source. Photokeratitis can be caused by sun reflection from sand, water, ice and snow . It can also happen if you stare at the sun, such as watching a solar eclipse directly without using a special device. A solar eclipse can also cause a burn to the retina, which is long lasting and more serious than temporary corneal damage. There are also many man-made sources of ultraviolet light, including tanning lamps and tanning beds, as well as arc welding. Snow blindness: a common...

ALLERGIC/ HYPERSENSITIVITY CONJUNCTIVITIS Huraaaaay !  Summer is here once again...... Enjoy the best of every moment with your family and friends . Summer with all the fun that comes seasonally with it, brings many medical conditions that causes discomforts in the life of many individuals who fall a victim to the season due to their body's reaction to the weather . As many cant wait for summer to come,others fear for the seasons return because of their eye ALLERGIES that  recurrently occurs every summer ;medically its called VERNAL  KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS ( spring catarrh ). Allergies are simply a hypersensitivity reaction of the human body following exposure to noxious stimuli in the environment.(pollen,dust,smoke,snow,perfumes,contact lenses,drugs,surgical sutures etc).Allergens as type 1 (immediate ) hypersensitivity reaction resulting in the secretion of eosinophils and mast cell degranulation causing inflamation,itchy sensation,redness,pain and tearing o...

RED EYES Red eye is a common sign seen in many eye conditions; most often people get eye drops from nearby pharmacies when these symptoms are seen.Self medication by patients often worsen their eye conditions due to wrong drug prescriptions acquired.the eye conditions sometimes report to doctors late resulting in majority of visual impairments.this article will give all patients an idea about common causes of red eyes,symptoms and plan if confused about actions needed if your eyes get red. Red eye is simply occurs when small blood vessels that are present on the surface of the eye(conjunctiva) becomes enlarged congested with blood . This often happens when there an insufficient amount of oxygen supply to the cornea,trauma,or an infection to eye tissues. Red eye normally is no cause for alarm but may be dangerous when it comes with signs and symptoms like: - Pain - Reduced vision - Abnormal discharge from the eye  - Difficulty looking at light - Problem w...